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On January 8, President Xi Jinping pre- sented China’s most prestigious scientifi c prize to two veteran scientists, one a virologist and the other an ordnance specialist known as the “King of Explosives.”
Sometimes referred to as “China’s Nobel Prize,” the State Preeminent Science and Technology Award was established in the year 2000. Two scientists are selected annually for the award, and of the 5 million（$768,403） yuan prize money, 10 percent is granted to the winning individuals, while the rest is committed to further research in the fi eld. Notable past recipients are agricultural scientist and “Father of Hybrid Rice” Yuan Longping, who won the inaugural prize, and the Nobel Prize winning pharmaceutical chemist Tu Youyou, who received the award for her discovery of an effective malaria treatment in 2016.
This year’s winners Wang Zeshan and Hou Yunde were born in 1935 and 1929, respectively, when China was suffering from both domestic unrest and foreign invasion. Throughout their lives, they have witnessed firsthand how the country survived these adverse conditions before going on to make great progress. Their personal contribution to this success is the remarkable work that they have each achieved in their respective fi elds.
Knowledge and power
Wang, an academic at the Chinese Academy of Engineering （CAE） and a professor at Nanjing University of Science and Technology, was born in northeast China’s Jilin Province, at a time when his hometown was under the occupation of the Japanese invaders. From 1931 to 1945, the entire northeast of China was occupied by Japan, who established the puppet state Manchukuo in the region.
“We were taught at school that we were the people of Manchuria,” Wang told China Central Television （CCTV）. “But my father told me that ‘you are not, you are Chinese.’ It was at this point that I realized my country was weak and that we all had to strive in order to make it strong.”
During this period, Wang resolved to do everything in his power to transform his homeland’s fortunes. In his eyes, if China was to be strong, military defense should be a top priority. In 1954, he enrolled at the Harbin Military Institute of Engineering, majoring in the study of explosives. For the time it was an unusual choice, but Wang never for a moment hesitated in his decision. While explosives are fundamental to all military activities, the level of gunpowder production and research of China in the 1950s lagged far behind other countries. Over the next 63 years, ordnance was to be the primary focus of his life and career.
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