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After four years of construction, an inaugural ceremony for the Addis Ababa-Djibouti Railway kicked off the rail line’s operation on October 5, 2016, in the Ethiopian capital.
The Addis Ababa-Djibouti Railway links Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, to the Port of Doraleh near Djibouti City, the capital of Djibouti. The first modern electric railway on the African continent, the Addis Ababa-Djibouti Railway is also the first on the continent to adopt Chinese standards throughout the industrial chain, including technology, equipment, financing, construction and management.
The railway project marked the entrance into the overseas markets for Chinese machinery equipment and building materials valued at more than US$400 million. “It’s not only a quality-of-life project tailored to African countries, but also a landmark achievement under the Belt and Road Initiative,” says Meng Fengchao, chairman of the Board of Directors of China Railway Construction Corporation Limited （CRCC）—the contractor of the Addis Ababa-Djibouti Railway. “The rail heralded China ‘going abroad’ with a complete industrial chain for the first time.”
The design speed of the 750-kilometer Addis Ababa-Djibouti Railway is set at 120 kilometers per hour. With a total budget of US$4 billion, the line has been called the “Tanzania-Zambia Railway of the new era.” The Tanzania-Zambia Railway was a large joint project undertaken by the governments of Tanzania, Zambia and China in the 1970s that became a symbol of China-Africa friendship. The Addis AbabaDjibouti Railway is turning a new page in African rail history, and its construction created around 48,000 local jobs. From the moment of its inception, the railway has been quietly changing local residents’ lives.
Local Benefits
Ethiopia and Djibouti were among the first African countries to welcome railways. However, by the late 1990s, the rails had become so worn that the speed of trains shuttling between the two countries dropped to a pathetic 15 kilometers per hour. Some dilapidated stations and stretches were abandoned.
Ethiopia’s lack of direct access to oceans has hindered its economic development and its people’s wellbeing. It has a strong agricultural sector, but relies heavily on imports and exports. Djibouti, occupy- ing an area of only 23,000 square kilometers, has at times struggled to produce the resources it needs for economic development. However, the country lies on the coast of the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden, near the Suez Canal, one of the world’s busiest shipping routes. It was clear that a fast, high-capacity rail through the two countries would be a game-changer.
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