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As we all know, atoms are the basic unit of matter composition, and are very, very all. So, how all is an atom? It is like a person standing next to the huge earth, minimal enough to be ignored. Do you know how thick a person"s hair is? The diameter of the hair is about 0.08 mm, the equivalent of one million atoms in a row. So it is not difficult to imagine how fine is a wire with the dianameter of the combination of that of only three atoms！ Recently, the United States Stanford University and the US Department of Energy SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory research team succesully developed such a wire, which is by far the world"s thinnest wire, also known as nano-wire.
How is the nano-wire made? In fact, like a big piece of music, like a all piece of Lego in accordance with certain rules, step by step you put them together, and finally assembled into something you want. The basic material of nano-wire is diamond, composed of its allest molecule is diamondoid （a hydrocarbon）, diamond molecules due to van der Waals force, each has a strong attraction. Scientists use the characteristics of it to combine the sulfur atom （yellow part of the figure） and copper atoms （brown part of the figure）. Like the first to make a group of Lego blocks, and then gradually extend other ones to assemble into a specific linear structure, hence form batteries with good conductive performance, and the surrounding diamondoid molecules because of van der Waals force gritational effect, tightly wrap the battery cells to form a natural insulating layer.
Nanoscale wires can help reduce the number of circuits, providing more powerful computing capabilities for tiny electronic devices. This new approach also allows scientists to assemble and control materials with atomic precision to explore and discover new materials with unique electronic properties and physical properties. At present, the research team has created a one-dimensional cadmium-based, zinc-based, iron-based and silver-based nanowires with diamondoid particles, which he a wide range of uses in the manufacture of new generation fibers, optoelectronic devices and the like.
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