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Shavkat Mirziyoyev, the second president of Uzbekistan since its independence in 1991, has proven to be a genuine reformer since he assumed offi ce in December 2016. Under his leadership, the most populous Central Asian country is witnessing profound changes that are set to reshape its role in regional and international affairs.
A reformer
Mirziyoyev kick-started his reforms by seeking to change offi cial attitudes toward government service, epitomized by his slogan that the government should serve the people, not vice versa. But the reform program is not limited to slogans, and concrete efforts have duly followed, instigating changes from the president’s offi ce all the way down to primary-level government organs. Mirziyoyev has also ordered the establishment of a public comment board on the president’s website. As of May 25, 1.89 million people had left comments on the board, with 1.84 million receiving a reply. Under Mirziyoyev’s instructions, governments at various levels are required to set up complaint receptions on and offl ine.
Mirziyoyev believes that public comments about officials can provide feedback with which to assess their performance, and the verdict of the people will lead to the dismissal of inept offi cials. This new measure is welcomed by society, while at the same time motivating officials to work harder and rid themselves of inertia and laziness.
Another of Mirziyoyev’s reforms is to crack down on corruption. In January 2017, having recently been sworn into office, Mirziyoyev signed an anti-corruption law in a bid to gradually enhance the legal awareness of the public, increase the transparency of government activity and reinforce legal and public supervision of government workers. The law also introduced performance reviewing and rating systems to appraise the government’s work in a quantifi able way.
Mirziyoyev has also promoted younger offi cials, including a 23-year-old vice minister of education in July 2017, and retired some long-serving senior administrators, in an attempt to freshen up Uzbekistan’s political landscape.
Economic restructuring
Yet the most profound reforms initiated by Mirziyoyev have focused on the country’s exchange rate regime. In the past, three different exchange rates existed concurrently in Uzbekistan： the official rate, a separate rate in securities exchanges and the black market rate. Huge disparities existed between the three, with the securities rate usually the highest at around 9,300 Uzbekistani Som （UZS） to $1, followed by the black market rate at 7,300：1 and the offi cial rate at 4,210：1.
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