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Known as the father of China’s modern legal structure, Shen Jiaben（1840-1913） is a figure who looms large in Chinese history and culture. During his tenure as the secretary of enactment in the late Qing Dynasty （1644-1911）, Shen presided over the drafting and revision of many laws of that period.
As chief architect of the 1905 revision of the Qing Code, the legal code of the Qing Dynasty, Shen abolished several inhumane methods of punishment and execution. He was also instrumental in uniting the heritage of traditional Chinese legal culture with foreign codes and practices, a pioneer in overhauling and reforming the judicial system in China.
Over 100 years since his death, today’s China would be unrecognizable to Shen. But far from being designated to the closet of history, he is once again being celebrated for his contributions to society. His former residence in Xicheng District, located in the heart of Beijing, opened to the public after 15 months of restoration. Before the renovations, the historical value of the 1,700-square-meter courtyard had dissipated and it was being used for residential housing.
The restoration work acted as a catalyst for a wide program of historical preservation in Xicheng and has inspired the authorities of other Beijing districts to take action.
Keeping history alive
Since 2014 Xicheng has implemented several action plans on protection and the proper use of sites with a cultural legacy.
“Thanks to the newly renovated museum, now I he a better understanding of and admiration for Shen and what he did for our country,” Liu Meixiu, a 75-year-old retiree, told Beijing Review while visiting Shen’s former residence with her husband. A former resident of the neighborhood before the renovation, Liu waxed lyrical about her memories of the bustling courtyard back then. She described the makeshift huts that were used as kitchens and storage rooms, leing short and narrow passageways for people to walk around.
“I didn’t know the courtyard was a historical site at that time,” Liu said.
According to the Cultural Commission of Xicheng, before the renovation, 46 households lived in Shen’s former residence—a quadrangle courtyard, or siheyuan in Chinese, surrounded by buildings on all four sides.
To protect the houses and improve the living conditions of the residents there, the district authority decided to make an alteration. Based on an on-the-spot investigation and surveys, as well as the Law of Cultural Relics, Law of Property and other relevant regulations, they decided to restore the property to its former glory.
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